Week 14
Advanced modals: must have, should have.

What will we achieve today?

Session Objective: Uses past modal verbs (must have, should have, could have) to express deductions, regrets, and hypothetical past advice.

Community Connection: We will connect this language structure to describe our own life experiences, family stories, and community realities in Popayán and the Cauca region.

Key Concepts

• Structure: Subject + should/must/could + have + past participle.
• Regret/Advice: Should have (e.g., 'I should have studied harder').
• Deduction: Must have (e.g., 'She must have missed the bus; she's not here').
• Possibility: Could have (e.g., 'He could have won, but he tripped').

Practical Challenge: Regrets and Deductions

Write 3 past regrets for famous historic figures (e.g., 'Napoleon should not have invaded Russia in winter') and 3 deductions for unsolved mysteries.

Reflection & Wrap-up

Self-assessment Question: Exit ticket: Write one thing you should have done differently last weekend.

Remember to register your findings and language achievements in your academic class portfolio.